RESUMO
This article outlines the different classes of local anesthetics available for dental procedures. It also gives an overview of the mechanism of action and metabolism of each different class of local anesthetic. Furthermore, it discusses indications and contraindications of each local anesthetic and the proper dosage of each. The techniques for the administration of local anesthetics with the relevant anatomy are explained. An overview is given of the possible complications that can occur because of local anesthetic use and their possible treatment options.
Assuntos
Anestesia Dentária/métodos , Anestesia Local/métodos , Anestésicos Locais/classificação , Administração Tópica , Anestesia Dentária/efeitos adversos , Anestesia Local/efeitos adversos , Anestésicos Combinados/administração & dosagem , Anestésicos Combinados/classificação , Anestésicos Locais/administração & dosagem , Contraindicações , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/etiologia , Humanos , Injeções/efeitos adversos , Nervo Mandibular/efeitos dos fármacos , Nervo Maxilar/efeitos dos fármacos , Bloqueio Nervoso/métodos , Dor/etiologia , Parestesia/etiologia , Trismo/etiologiaRESUMO
Local pain management is the most critical aspect of patient care in dentistry. The improvements in agents and techniques for local anesthesia are probably the most significant advances that have occurred in dental science. This article provides an update on the most recently introduced local anesthetic agents along with new technologies used to deliver local anesthetics. Safety devices are also discussed, along with an innovative method for reducing the annoying numbness of the lip and tongue following local anesthesia.
